Ecuadorian electoral system. The second round and C Level Contact List the massive invalid vote In the Ecuadorian electoral system, null and blank votes are not part of the total "valid votes" used to calculate the official election results. Spoiled ballots are C Level Contact List ballots intentionally marked to be invalid. Blank votes are ballots intentionally deposited in the ballot box without marking any of the options. The valid votes are the sum of the votes C Level Contact List received by all the candidates in the contest. Blank votes and invalid votes are not included in this sum, and the total number of valid votes is the denominator used to calculate the percentage of the final result for each candidate.
For example, the 32.7% obtained by Arauz in the C Level Contact List first round is obtained by dividing the total number of votes received by him (3,033,791 votes) by the total number of votes received by all 16 candidates who participated in the first round ( 9,272,034 valid votes). Null C Level Contact List and blank votes are not included in this calculation and, by mathematical verification, the higher the number of null and blank votes, the lower the total number of valid votes, and the higher C Level Contact List the percentage of official results calculated for each candidate.
The peculiarity of this way of calculating the official result is that, in C Level Contact List a specific context of the second round, where invalid votes selectively harm one candidate, the favored one is the other candidate: not because he receives more votes, but because he C Level Contact List benefits from the calculation. What actually happened? The most unexpected thing C Level Contact List about the results of the elections on Sunday, April 11, then, was the very high percentage reached by those who voted null. In the second round, the null reached 16%, more than six points above what was achieved in the first round. The recent historical record was 12%, in the first round of 2006. This year, the null simply exceeded all expectations.